History Of Jazz And Classical Music Upon Entering A Modern Record Stor

History of Jazz and Classical Music Upon entering a modern record store, one is confronted with a wide variety of choices in recorded music. These choices not only include a multitude of artists, but also a wide diversity of music categories. These categories run the gamut from easy listening dance music to more complex art music. On the complex side of the scale are the categories known as Jazz and Classical music. Some of the most accomplished musicians of our time have devoted themselves to a lifelong study of Jazz or Classical music, and a few exceptional musicians have actually mastered both. A comparison of classical and Jazz music will yield some interesting results and could also lead to an appreciation of the abilities needed to perform or compose these kinds of music. Let's begin with a look at the histories of the two. The music called classical, found in stores and performed regularly by symphonies around the world, spans a length of time from 1600 up to the present. This time frame includes the Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic and Contemporary periods. The classical period of music actually spans a time from of 1750 to 1800; thus, the term Classical is a misnomer and could more correctly be changed to Western Art Music or European Art Music. European because most of the major composers up till the 20th century were European. Vivaldi was Italian, Bach was German, Mozart and Beethoven were Austrian; they are some of the more prominent composers. Not until the twentieth century with Gershwin and a few others do we find American composers writing this kind of art music. For the sake of convention, we can refer to Western Art Music as Classical music. Jazz is a distinctively American form of music, and it's history occupies a much smaller span of time. Its origins are found in the early 1900s as some dance band leaders in the southern U.S. began playing music that combined ragtime and blues. Early exponents of this dance music were Jelly Roll M artin (a blues player) and Scott Joplin (ragtime). The terms Jazz and Jazz Band first surfaced in the year 1900. Some say this occurred in New Orleans, although similar music was played at the same time in other places. The most prominent exponents of this early music, called Dixieland Jazz, included Louis Armstrong and Sidney Bechet. After World War I, Jazz music had evolved and was aided by the development of the recording industry. The small dance band ensemble grew into the larger orchestra known as the Big Band. The music of the Big Bands became known as Swing. Two of the more famous Swing band leaders were Tommy Dorsey and Harry James. In the late 40s and through the 50s, a different kind of Jazz became popular. This music, played by a very small ensemble, was much more sophisticated and complex . Its rich harmonic changes and melodic counterpoint were not conducive to dance. It became known as Bop, with Charlie Parker and Dizzie Gillespie being the early proponents. In the la st twenty years there has been a combination of Jazz with popular music of the US and Latin America. This modern Jazz music has been called Fusion. Present day exponents include Pat Metheny and Chic Corea. There has also been a return to the sound of Bop in the last ten years by such musicians as trumpeter Winton Marsalis and his brother Branford, a saxophonist. Let's focus on the instrumentation of the two kinds of music. In Classical music, both large orchestras and small ensembles are used. But generally, the greatest and most prominent compositions are for the larger symphony orchestra. The largest part of the orchestra is the string section consisting of violins, violas, cellos and string basses. These instruments were invented very early in medieval times but really matured into their present form during the late 18th century. The wind instruments, comprised of brass and woodwinds, took longer to mature. The brass section in particular did not posses the ability to play chroma tically (in all keys) until the advent of valves which allowed the length of the instrument to be changed while playing. This occurred around the middle

Lord Of the Flies Essays

Lord Of the Flies Essays Lord Of the Flies Essay Lord Of the Flies Essay Discuss the fragility of civilization against the destructive force of fear. If people become isolated from civilization, then the beast inside of us can break the bonds from society and unleash the evil within using the power of fear. In the book, The Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, a group of boys becomes stuck on an island and it portrays the breakdown of society and structure and the transformation of them into savages. On the island, the boys first follow a conch which was the order and the link to society on the island but after a while, it loses most of its influence due to the disintegration of social order and rules. A character that used the tool of fear to gain control of the boys was Jack, who represents a dictator on the island. The boys main fear was of the beast which also assisted the boys descent into savagery. Without any adults or concrete set of laws on the island, fear manipulated the boys into malevolent, vicious beings. Ralph, the main character of the book, used the conch to help lead the group of boys which would later decline into Jacks dictatorship of fear and despair. In the beginning, Ralphs power and influence over the boys was secure since most were still following the conch. As time went on, as the ear of the beast grew larger and larger, so did Jacks power while Ralphs shrunk smaller and smaller. In the quote, See? See? Thats what youll get! I meant that! There isnt a tribe for you anymore! The conch is gone (. 200). In this scene, the conch shell breaking meant the beast and fear taking over the island completely whilst civilization and order was eradicated. Also, Piggys death symbolized the boys full transformation into savages, mindless and bloodthirsty with no thought of guilt after they murdered one of their own. There is an antagonist in every book, and in the Lord of the Flies, the characters ame is Jack, who represents an evil, cruel overlord who uses fear to assert dominance. After being completely secluded from the rules that he had grown up with and the evil spirit inside him starting to manipulate his personality, Jack starts to show his true nature which is the savage that he had always kept inside of him. At various points throughout the story, Jack uses the boys fear of the beast to overthrow Ralph and the conch. In the quote, l expect the beast disguised himself. Perhaps Wed better keep on the right side of him, anyhow. You cant tell what he might do. The tribe considered this; and then were shaken, as if by a flow of wind. The chief saw the effect of his words and stood abruptly. (10. 142-143) This quote represented William Goldings idea of fear being the most effective way of control, with Jack using fear to get his tribe to do what he wishes. The book portrayed how terrifying the impact fear can have on people and how far it can manipulate them. Throughout the book, the idea of the beast developed into fear which resulted in the crippling of the conch, the link to society and sanity and the barrier that was stopping them from turning into savages. The quote, The one permanent emotion of the inferior man is fear fear of the unknown, the complex, the inexplicable. What he wants above eve rything else is satety by Henry Louis Mencken can be seen in the Lord of the Flies through the boys whose fear of the beast and the want for safety gives Jack the power to take leadership. This idea of the beast also warped the boys minds so much that they leapt on to the beast, screamed, struck, bit, tore. There were no movements but the tearing of teeth and claws. (9. 168) thinking Simon as the beast. Fear had turned innocent boys into ruthless, bloodthirsty murderers. William Goldings idea of the beast within us all resonates in real life, not Just in the book. Ralph, who represented order, structure, law and democracy soon toppled because of how much fear affected the boys. The conch, the link to society, was shattered by the evil that fear had created, which were the savages that the boys had turned into. It is ironic because the beast that the boys were so afraid of was actually the monsters that they had turned into. Without civilization, fear can warp and transform us into things that we would have never expected, much like Jack and the boys. Lord of the Flies Essays Lord of the Flies Paper Lord of the Flies Paper Essay Topic: Lord Of the Flies Director Peter Brook based Lord of the Flies on the novel by William Golding. The film, released in 1963, is the tale of a group of upscale British schoolchildren who are being flown out of London to the supposed safety of the South Pacific before war erupts. Their airplane crashes and the lads are left to fend for themselves on a remote island. The storyline takes the boys from innocence to savagery. The film did not receive rave reviews from critics. The film version takes away some of the creative imagination that comes from reading the story, but its images are as shocking as one might imagine little boys turned into violent savages(Webster, Apollo Guide). The reviews could be in part from the inexperience of the actors. The little boys were almost all non-actors whose parents volunteered them for the job out of respect for the book (Webster, Apollo Guide). However, Peter Brook did an excellent job of depicting the possible outcome of the situation with which the children are fa ced. This film shows human nature in its truest form. Society is faced with people who are vulnerable to others, those who are capable of making the right decisions, and some who feel the need to violate the rules.Piggy, portrayed by Hugh Edwards, is the most vulnerable character. At the beginning, he makes the mistake of divulging his nickname. Piggy seems to be intelligent and sensible, but lacking the confidence in himself to put it to use. Jack belittles Piggy throughout the film. He continuously calls him Fatty and at one point slaps him in the face, which causes his glasses to break. Piggys only hope is the friendship of Ralph, who betrayed him at the beginning, only to eventually become his best friend. Piggy never succumbed to the savagery of the others. In his last words, What is it better to be, a bunch of savages like you are, or sensible like Ralph is